The history of Nordic relative clauses / Terje Wagener.

Author
Wagener, Terje, 1973- [Browse]
Format
Book
Language
English
Published/​Created
Berlin : De Gruyter Mouton, [2017]
Description
xvii, 412 pages ; 24 cm

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    Summary note
    This book gives an analysis of relative clauses as they evolve throughout the history of (Mainland) Scandinavian, from Ancient Nordic to Early Modern Norwegian.
    Notes
    "This book is a reworked version of my PhD dissertation from 2014, 'The history of Norwegian relative clauses'."--Acknowledgements
    Bibliographic references
    Includes bibliographical references (pages 403-409) and index.
    Contents
    • Abbreviations of linguistic terms
    • Abbreviations of sources
    • Languages and the periods they cover
    • List of tables
    • Introduction
    • A synchronic analysis of 13th century relative clauses in the Nordic languages
    • Choice of Old Norse and Middle Danish data
    • Choice of Old Norse data
    • Choice of Middle Danish data
    • What is a relative clause?
    • The syntax of relative complexes : basic assumptions
    • Typology and delineation
    • Definition
    • Free relative clauses and correlative clauses
    • Adverbial clauses
    • Non-restrictive relative clauses
    • Conclusion
    • Marking NPREL
    • Relative clauses in Modern Norwegian (with notes on the other Scandinavian languages)
    • Some methodological remarks
    • Som-insertion in Modern Norwegian
    • Free relative clauses in Modern Norwegian
    • Adverbial clauses in Modern Norwegian
    • Comparative clauses
    • Complementation or adjunction?
    • The determiner-complement (D+CP) analysis
    • The headway-argument
    • Other candidates for a D+CP-analysis : comparatives, equatives and degree clauses
    • The adjunct analysis
    • Adjuncts are syntactically non-obligatory
    • RCs are like adjectives
    • Agreement between the determiner and the relative antecedent
    • Choice of determiner
    • A short introduction to Old Norse relative clauses
    • Referential properties of Old Norse relative complexes
    • RC-antecedents in Óláfs saga hins helga : some statistics
    • Reference, uniqueness and specificity
    • Sá in non-relative contexts
    • Sá as an anaphoric demonstrative
    • Sá vs. hinn as a preadjectival determiner
    • Uniqueness and specificity in relative contexts
    • ON sá versus the suffixed definite article -inn in relative contexts
    • Conclusion so far (and two intriguing examples)
    • Referential properties of sá in relative contexts
    • Non-specific relative complexes
    • The potential referent is a kind : sá in non-specific kind-reading relative complexes
    • The potential referent is an individual : sá in non-specific individual-reading relative complexes
    • Specific relative complexes
    • Sá in unique and specific relative complexes
    • Sá in non-unique and specific relative complexes
    • Sá in non-restrictive RCs
    • Scope relations between sá and other determiners
    • Referential properties of Middle Danish thæn in relative contexts
    • Referential properties of thæn in Eriks sællandske lov
    • Referential properties of thæn in Jyske lov
    • Concluding remarks
    • Does Old Norse have a relative pronoun?
    • 'Learned-style' relative pronouns
    • Maling (1977) : ON resumptive pronouns are underlyingly relative pronouns
    • Sá : a relative pronoun?
    • Arguments against treating sá as a relative pronoun
    • No arbitrary rules for deleting relative pronouns
    • Complementarity with main clause elements : no relative complex : has both a pre- and a postnominal sá
    • Case properties
    • Relative pronouns cannot be modified by adjectives
    • Other possibilities : sá generated to the left of the RC
    • Relative pronouns in Middle Danish and Old Swedish
    • Free relative clauses and correlatives
    • Old Norse relative clauses introduced by bare demonstrative : FRs or semi-FRs?
    • 'True' FRs
    • Correlative RCs in Old Norse?
    • Locational clauses
    • A diachronic analysis of relative clauses in Middle Norwegian, Younger Middle Danish and beyond
    • Temporal clauses
    • Do temporal clauses have a relative structure?
    • Er- relative or temporal complementizer?
    • Choice of post-1300 Norwegian data
    • W-pronouns in relative contexts
    • A brief recapitulation : W-RCs in Old Norse
    • W- and d-pronouns in relative contexts in Germanic
    • Native Germanic w-pronouns in relative contexts : relative or indefinite pronouns?
    • Relative w-pronouns in the post-1300 data
    • Huar as a relative pronoun
    • Hwilkin
    • Old Norse hvílíkr
    • The different functions of Middle Norwegian hwilkin in relative contexts
    • Hwilkin as a relative pronoun
    • R-compounds
    • Free relative clauses
    • Free relatives or w-RCs in Middle Norwegian? Possible criteria
    • An analysis of Middle Norwegian huat in relative contexts
    • FR-pronouns vs. interrogative pronouns
    • Why are w-pronouns marginal in Norwegian relative contexts?
    • W-pronouns in relative contexts in Middle Danish
    • W-pronouns in relative contexts in Eriks sællandske lov
    • Hvær
    • Hvilkin
    • Hva
    • Hvat
    • Other possible correlative constructions
    • W-pronouns in relative contexts Jyske lov
    • Hwylk
    • Hwo
    • Hwat
    • Adverbial FRs
    • Then in Middle Norwegian and beyond
    • Then as a uniqueness-marking adjectival article
    • The fate of non-unique sá
    • Then and non-unique quantifiers
    • Non-unique, specific then
    • Simple definites : typical of relative contexts?
    • Relative complementizers in the Nordic languages
    • Is/er/ær
    • Sem/sum/som
    • bar/ther/thær/der
    • Ther as a relative complementizer in Middle Norwegian?
    • Thær in East Nordic
    • O-RCs in Middle Norwegian : an introduction
    • Complementizerless constructions that are not O-RCs
    • The apo koinou construction
    • Apo koinou in Germanic
    • Apo koinou in Old Norse
    • Apo koinou in Middle Norwegian and Early Modern Norwegian
    • A short note on apo koinou in Middle Danish
    • Subject relative clauses with a temporal head
    • Relative clauses with betta bref as antecedent
    • O-RCs in the literature
    • O-RCs in other Germanic languages
    • Swedish and Danish
    • English
    • O-RCs in Old Norse? The 'tip-of-the-iceberg'-theory
    • O-RCs in Middle Norwegian and Middle Danish : a descriptive account
    • O-RCs 1350-1400
    • FRs 1350-1400
    • Temporal clauses 1350-1400
    • Conclusion 1350-1400
    • O-RCs 1400-1540
    • RCs with w-antecedents and FRs 1400-1540
    • RCs with huar as antecedent 1400-1540
    • Free relative clauses 1400-1540
    • Er and som as temporal complementizers
    • Temporal main clause elements reanalysed as temporal complementizers
    • Reanalysis of Þá/tha
    • Reanalysis of main clause temporal nouns
    • Then tidh
    • Fyrsta
    • Reanalysis of main clause prepositions : til pess er and frá Því er
    • Når-clauses
    • O-RCs in Middle Danish
    • O-RCs in Eriks sællandske lov
    • Complementizers in temporal RCs in Eriks sællandske lov
    • O-RCs in Jyske lov
    • Complementizers in temporal RCs in Jyske lov
    • Theoretical approaches to O-RCs
    • Predictability (Wasow et al. 2011)
    • Monoclausality/integration
    • Fox & Thompson (2007)
    • Weinert (2004)
    • O-RCs are more dependent on the antecedent (Hawkins 2004)
    • Prosodic factors (Jaeger 2006)
    • Division of labour : where does syntax end and non-syntax start?
    • An analysis of O-RCs in Middle Norwegian and Middle Danish
    • Syntactic environments for O-RCs
    • Relative clauses headed by an antecedent featuring a demonstrative
    • Relative clauses headed by a w-pronoun/FRs
    • Lack of complementizer insertion in non-relative contexts
    • Conclusion so far
    • Theoretical approaches to O-RCs tested on the Middle Norwegian data
    • Monoclausality (Fox & Thompson 2007)
    • Preference hierarchy for subjects of O-marked clauses (Hawkins 2004)
    • Predictability revisited (Wasow et al. 2011)
    • Predictability of then and universal quantifiers
    • Predictability of w-antecedents
    • Some concluding remarks
    • Semantic characteristics of relative complexes with O-RCs
    • Inclusiveness/maximalization
    • Superlatives and adjectives, non-restrictivity
    • Comparison between Middle Norwegian and Middle Danish
    • The tip-of-the-iceberg hypothesis revisited
    • Why 1400?
    • A more fixed word order
    • Increase in the predictability of simple definites
    • Loss of er as a lexical item
    • The subsequent development : the 'syntactification' of O-RCs
    • Syntactification
    • Obligatory som in subject relative clauses
    • Disambiguation and the loss of stylistic fronting
    • The subject requirement
    • Optional som in non-subject relative clauses
    • Summary and some concluding remarks
    • References.
    ISBN
    • 9783110495577 ((hardcover))
    • 3110495570 ((hardcover))
    OCLC
    958782101
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