Medical decision making / Harold C. Sox [and others].

Format
Book
Language
English
Published/​Created
Philadelphia : American College of Physicians, ©2007.
Description
x, 406 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm

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Location Call Number Status Location Service Notes
Stokes Library - Wallace Hall (SPIA) R723.5 .M38 2007 Browse related items Request

    Details

    Subject(s)
    Notes
    Reprint. Originally published: Boston : Butterworth-Heinemann, 1988.
    Bibliographic references
    Includes bibliographical references and index.
    Original version
    Originally published: Boston : Butterworth-Heinemann, c1988.
    Contents
    • Machine derived contents note: How May I Be Thorough Yet Efficient When Considering
    • the Possible Causes of My Patient's Problems? I1
    • How Do I Characterize the Information I Have Gathered
    • during the Medical Interview and Physical Examination? I
    • How Do I Interpret New Diagnostic Information? 5
    • How Do I Select the Appropriate Diagnostic Test? 6
    • How Do I Choose among Several Risky Treatment Alternatives? 6
    • Summary
    • TW DI FFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS 9
    • A. Introduction 9
    • B. Learning from Observations of Skilled Clinicians 10
    • C. The Process of Differential Diagnosis 12
    • D. An Extended Example 22
    • Summary 25
    • Refrences 26
    • THREE PROBABILITY: QUANTIFYING UNCERTAINTY 27
    • A. Uncertainty and Probability in Medicine 27
    • B. Use of Personal Experience to Estimate Probability 34
    • C. Use of Published Experience to Estimate Probability 52
    • D. Consideration of the Special Characteristics of the
    • Patient When Estimating Probability 60
    • Summary 61
    • Problems 62
    • New Words in this Chapter 64
    • References 64
    • FOUR UNDERSTANDING NEW INFORMATION: BAYES' THEOREM 67
    • A. Introduction 67
    • B. Conditional Probability Defined 71
    • C. Bayes' Theorem 71
    • D. The Odds Ratio Form of Bayes' Theorem 75
    • E. Alternative Forms of Bayes' Theorem: Th Tree and
    • the 2 x 2 Table 80
    • F Lessons to Be Learned from Bayes' Theorem 84
    • G. The Assumption of Bayes' Theorem 91.
    • H. Interpreting a Sequence of Tests 93
    • I. Using Bayes' Theorem When Many Diseases Are
    • Under Consideration 97
    • Summary 98
    • Problems 99
    • New Words in this Chapter 100
    • References 100
    • FIVE MEASURING THE ACCURACY OF CLINICAL DATA 103
    • A. How Test Results Can Be Expressed as "Abnormal"
    • and "Normal" 103
    • B. Measures of How Well a Test Discriminates between a
    • Disease and All Other Conditions 106
    • C. How Test Performance Is Measured: A Hypothetical Case 113
    • D, Pitfalls of Predictive Value 115
    • E. Why Measures of Test Performance May Not Apply to
    • Your Patient 1 16
    • F Combining Data from Several Studies 128
    • G. Expressing Test Results as Continuous Variables 129
    • Summary 138
    • Problems 139
    • New Words in this Chapter 140
    • References 141
    • Appendix SA: Derivation of the Method for Using the ROC
    • Curve to Choose the Definition of an Abnormal Test Result 142
    • SIX EXPECTED VALUE DECISION MAKING 147
    • A. Basic Concepts of Expected Value Decision Making 1 48
    • B. Decision Analysis: An Introductory Example r151
    • Summary / 165
    • Problem 166
    • New Words in this Chapter 166
    • SEVEN MEASURING THE OUTCOME OF CARE 167
    • A. Measuring the Patient's Preferences: Utility Assessment 168
    • B. Estimating the Expected Length of Life 182
    • C. Measuring How Well the Patient Is Able to Function 194
    • D. Satisfaction with One's State of Health 196
    • E. Using a iinear Scale to Express Strength of Preference 196
    • Summary 197
    • Problems 198
    • New Words in this Chapter 199
    • References 199
    • Appendix 7A: Axioms of Utility Theory 200
    • EIGHT DECISION MAKING WHEN THE OUTCOMES HAVE
    • SEVERAL DIMENSIONS 201
    • A. Assessing the Patient's Preferences for Outcomes with
    • Several Dimensions 202
    • B. Measuring the Patient's Utility for a Period of Time in
    • III Health: An Introduction 206
    • C. Assessing Preferences for the Length of Life 208
    • I The Time Trade-Off Method 216
    • E. Measuring Preferences for Any Period of Time in III Health 220
    • F. Another Method for Adjusting Life Expectancy for the
    • Quality of Life 225
    • G. Sources of Error in Utility Assessment 230
    • , .Last Words 232
    • Summary 232
    • New Words in this Chapter 233
    • Problems 233
    • References 236
    • NINESELECTION AND INTERPRETATION OF
    • DIAGNOSTIC TESTS 239
    • A. Taking Action When the Consequences Are Uncertain:
    • Principles and Definitions 239
    • & Could a Diagnostic Test Change the Treatment of the Patient? 243
    • C TheTreatment TThreshold Probability 246
    • D The Decision to Obtain a Diagnostic Test 249
    • E Setting the Treatment Threshold Probability 257
    • F. Taking Account of the Costs and Risks of the Test 270
    • . A Clinical Case: Test Selection for Suspected Brain Tumor 274
    • H. Sensitivity Analysis 277
    • I. Choosing among Diagnostic Tests 280
    • J Choosing the Best Combination of Diagnostic Tests 283
    • Summary 285
    • New Words in this Chapter 289
    • References 289
    • TEN BEDSIDE DECISION ANALYSIS 291
    • A. Dificult Clinical Problem: Bleeding Esophageal Varices 291
    • B. Sensitivity Analysis 301
    • C. A Decision Problem in "hich ThreeWay Sensitivity
    • Analysis Was Useful 309
    • Conclusions 314
    • References 315
    • ELEVEN COST-EFFECTTVENESS ANALYSIS AND
    • COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS 317
    • A The Physician's Conflicting Roles: Patient Advocate,
    • Member of Society, and Entrepreneur 317
    • B. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis: A Method for Comparing
    • Management Strategies 319
    • C. Cost-Benefit Analysis: A Method for Measuring the Net
    • Benefit of Medical Policies 328
    • D. Measuring the Costs of Medical Care 331
    • Summary 333
    • New Words in this Chapter 334
    • Problem 334
    • Re erences 335.
    ISBN
    • 1930513798
    • 9781930513792
    LCCN
    2007272194
    OCLC
    82369519
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